诠释学翻译理论研究再思考

Rethinking the Hermeneutic Approach to Translation Studies

现代西方诠释学因其探究文本理解过程中的"意义"问题而备受翻译理论界关注。通过对三种不同形态诠释学的分析,指出译界对本体论诠释学存在一定的理解误区,对方法论诠释学没有予以足够重视,并适当结合翻译实践情况,最终得出结论:文本意义包括作者赋意、文本传意和读者会意三部分。译者以文本自身作为第一理解对象,通过"语词-文本"循环、"文本-历史语境"循环和作者语境还原法,尽可能准确地解读文本。另一方面,由于作者意图难以完全精确还原、译者主体必定带有"偏见"进行理解等原因,翻译不可避免带有一定的创造性,但这个创造性极其有限。

Hermeneutics, as a discipline concerned with problems arising from the interpretation of texts, has drawn the attention of TS researchers. The focus, however, is often placed on the ontological studies on hermeneutics represented by those of Gadamer. Aside from ontological hermeneutics, hermeneu- tics as a methodology tool sheds light on TS. An analysis of three different forms of hermeneutics and of translation practices leads to the conclusion that the meaning of a text is a mixture of the intended meaning of the author, the meaning of the text per se and the interpretation of the reader. Translators, in an attempt to interpret the text as accurately as possible through the ＂word-text＂ hermeneutic circle, the ＂text-historical context＂ hermeneutic circle, as well as the methods to recreate the author-related context, take the text as the primary object of understanding. On the other hand, translations inevitably have a tinge of creativity, al- beit rather limited, in that the author＇s intention cannot be precisely restored, and the translator has ＂preju- dices＂, etc.