建立献血者的长效招募机制的研究

Study on establishment of long-term recruitment mechanism of blood donors

目的:分析重庆市主城区全血献血者的分布特征,为加强新增潜在献血者的宣传、重点献血者的招募、固定献血者的维护,建立无偿献血长效机制提供科学的依据。方法:收集2016年在重庆市主城区捐献全血的献血者个人资料,分析献血者年龄段、职业和学历的数据。结果:2016年在重庆市主城区参加捐献全血的献血者共计122 875人次,其中男62 497人次,女60 378人次,男女比例为1.04∶1.00;献血者的年龄分布比例结果显示,18~25岁的献血者47 123人次(38.35%),26~35岁27 714人次(22.55%),36~45岁23 379人次(19.03%),46~55岁22 958人次(18.68%),56~60岁1 701人次(1.38%);献血者的文化程度较高,研究生、本科、大专及以上学历(50.06%);献血者的职业主要以学生居多(26.38%)。结论:有针对性的对18~35岁的大学生人群进行招募。同时积极发挥志愿者的带动作用,招募潜在献血者。加强服务、宣传、环境、技术,逐步建立无偿献血长效机制。

Objective：To analyze the distribution characteristics of whole blood donors in the main urban area of Chongqing,and provide scientific basis for strengthening the propaganda of new potential donors,the recruitment of key donors,the maintenance of fixed blood donors and the establishment of long-term mechanism of blood donation.Method：The data of blood donors who donated whole blood in Chongqing were collected,and the data of blood donors＇ age,occupation and education were analyzed.Result：In 2016,a total of 122 875 donors in Chongqing were enrolled in this study,including 62 497 males and 60 378 females,and the ratio of male to female was 1.04：1.Among all the donors,38.35% were younger than 25,followed by 26-35 years group（22.55%）,36-45 years group（19.03%）,46-55 years group（18.68%）and 56-60 years group（1.38%）.Among all the donors,26.38% were students and 50.06% of the donors were highly educated,graduate,undergraduate and college.Conclusion：Targeted recruitment would be 18-35 years of college students,and volunteers should play the role in recruiting potential donors.It should strengthen the service,publicity,environment and technology,and gradually establish a long-term mechanism of voluntary blood donation.