爆破振动在台阶边坡上的传播规律与预测分析

Propagation and predictive analysis of blasting vibration in step slope

基于台阶地形模型爆破振动测试实验,研究爆破振动在台阶地形的传播规律及测点位置对爆破振动速度预测的影响规律。结果表明,爆破振动速度随着水平距离的增加总体呈衰减趋势,恒有垂直方向爆破振动速度远大于水平径向和水平切向,台阶边缘爆破振动速度存在局部放大现象;将台阶不同位置测点分成三类:Ⅰ类(包括全部测点)、Ⅱ类(包括水平地面测点、台阶中部、根部测点)、Ⅲ类(包括水平地面测点、台阶根部测点),分别应用萨道夫斯基公式和高程修正公式进行预测,发现高程修正公式的预测精度明显优于萨道夫斯基公式;Ⅲ类测点预测进度最优,Ⅱ类次之,Ⅰ类最差。建议进行边坡地形爆破振动速度预测时,只选取边坡台阶根部测点的振动速度进行预测分析。

Based on the blasting vibration test experiment of step topography model,the influence of blasting vibration on the step topography and the location of measuring points on the prediction of blasting vibration velocity is studied.The results indicate that the blasting vibration velocity generally show a tendency of attenuation with the increase of horizontal distance,and the blasting vibration velocity in the vertical direction is much larger than that of horizontal radial and horizontal tangential direction,the phenomenon of local enlargement of the blasting vibration velocity in step edge;The steps of different locations points are divided into three categories which contains type I（including all the measuring points,type II（including horizontal ground points,middle steps,root points）,typeⅢ（including horizontal ground points and step root points）,for Sodev＇s formula and the correction formula of elevation prediction,it is found that the prediction accuracy of elevation correction formula is obviously better than Sodev＇s formula.TypeⅢ point prediction accuracy is optimal second typeⅡ follow and the worst of type I.It is suggested that when the blasting vibration velocity of slope topographic blasting is predicted,only the vibration velocity of the point at the root of the slope is selected as the prediction analysis.