尘肺病患者疾病认知能力测评量表的研制与评价

Development and evaluation of a scale for pneumoconiosis patients' cognitive ability to this disease

[目的]编制适用于尘肺病患者疾病认知能力的测评工具,并检验其信度和效度。[方法]以疾病认知为理论框架,在查阅文献、专家咨询的基础上设计初始量表;采用目标抽样方法对深圳市职业病防治院及湖南省职业病防治院住院的尘肺病患者173例进行问卷调查,使用Cronbach’sα系数、因子分析等统计学方法,对量表的信度、效度进行检验。[结果]发放问卷173份,回收168份,回收率97.11%。经探索因子分析,最终形成4个一级维度[即尘肺病基础知识、运动肺(康复)训练相关知识、戒烟相关知识、尘肺病治疗相关知识],15个二级维度,75个三级条目的尘肺病患者疾病认知能力测评量表。该量表的总体Cronbach’sα系数为0.938,各维度Cronbach’sα系数为0.899~0.952,可解释总的变异(累计方差贡献率)为83.351%,项目负荷值为0.714~0.920。[结论]尘肺病患者疾病认知能力测评量表的建构基本符合理论构想,适用于评估患者或作为一种横断面调查工具。

[Objective] To develop a measuring scale for pneumoconiosis patients＇ cognitive ability to this disease and test its reliability and validity. [Methods] After consulting with specialists, a prime scale was designed based on the referring documents. Totally 173 pneumoconiosis patients were investigated by the scale with a target sampling at Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases and Hunan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases. The reliability and validity of the scale was tested by Cronbach＇s α coefficient and factor analysis. [Results] A scale for patients＇ cognitive ability to pneumoconiosis was developed, consisting of 4 one-level dimensions（such as basic knowledge of pneumoconiosis,knowledge of sports rehabilitation,knowledge of smoking cessation,treatment knowledge of pneumoconiosis）,15 two-level dimensions and 75 three-level items. Totally 168 questionnaires were gotten. Cronbach ＇s α coefficient of full scale was 0.938,and the Cronbach＇s α coefficients of two-level dimensions were from 0.899 to 0.952,which indicated 83.351% of the total variation（contribution rate of accumulative variation）.The entries＇ loading values were from 0.714 to 0.200.[Conclusion] The scale for patients＇ cognitive ability to pneumoconiosis basically accorded with theoretical composition,and it is appropriate to evaluate pneumoconiosis patients or to be an investigation instrument in a cross-sectional study.