妊娠早中期孕妇氟暴露与子女脑神经发育关系的研究

Study on the Relationship between fluorine exposure during early and mdtrimester pregnancy and the offspring brain development

目的探讨妊娠早中期孕妇氟暴露与子女脑神经发育关系。方法分别选取2013年4月至2016年9月到本院就诊的47例氟中毒孕妇和同期到本院进行健康体检的47例正常孕妇作为观察组和对照组,测定并分析两组孕妇的尿氟含量;测量并分析两组婴幼儿在出生1h、1、6、12个月体重、卧位身长;评估两组婴幼儿在出生后的1、5 min内Apgar评分并分析;在两组婴幼儿出生后3、6、12个月采用《标准化婴幼儿智力发育量表》,分别对两组婴幼儿智能发育指数和运动发育指数进行评估。结果两组孕妇均未发生流产及死胎的情况,观察组孕妇的尿氟含量明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组及对照组婴幼儿的Apgar评分无明显差别,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组婴幼儿在出生后1h、1、6、12个月的体重、卧位身长均明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组婴幼儿在出生后3、6、12个月,MDI、PDI均显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论妊娠早中期孕妇氟暴露会对婴幼儿脑神经及体格发育造成不良影响,对新生儿出生后1、5 min内的Apgar评分无明显影响。

Objective To investigate the relationship between fluorine exposure during early and midtrimester pregnancy and the offspring brain development.Methods 47 pregnant women with fluorosis treated in our hospital from April 2013 to September2016 and 47 healthy pregnant women who had physical examinations in our hospital during the same period were selected as the observation group and the control group. The urinary fluoride content of two groups was analyzed. The body weight,body length in recumbent position of the two groups at the postnatal 1 h,1 mon,6 mon,and 12 mon,the Apgar score at the postnatal 1 min and5 min,the intelligence development index and motor development index of two groups evaluated by the Children’s Developmental Center of China（ CDCC） were analyzed and compared. Results There was no miscarriage and stillbirth in both groups. The urinary fluoride content in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group,with a significant difference（ P〈0.05）; The Apgar score of the two groups had no significant difference（ P〉0.05）; The body weight,body length in recumbent position of the two groups at the postnatal 1 h,1 mon,6 mon,and 12 mon of the observation was lower than that of the control group（ P〈0.05）; The MDI and PDI at the postnatal 3 mon,6 mon and 12 mon in the observation group were lower than that of the control group（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion The fluorine exposure during early and midtrimester pregnancy have adverse effects on the brain and physical development of infants,while there is no significant effect on Apgar scores within 1 min and 5 min after birth.