不同形态氮素施肥对小黑杨幼苗生长的影响

Effects of Different Forms of Nitrogen Fertilization on the Growth of Populus simonii × Populus nigra Seedings

以小黑杨当年播种苗为材料,研究了不同施氮量(12,24和48 mg·株^(-1))和不同形态氮素(有机氮和无机氮)施肥对小黑杨幼苗生长的影响,以探讨小黑杨对氮基酸类有机氮素施肥的生长响应。结果表明:无论施无机氮(硝酸铵)还是有机氮(精氨酸),小黑杨幼苗的苗高、地径、总生物量都是随施氮量的增加而增加,但是中等施氮量处理的幼苗氮利用效率最高。无机氮(硝酸铵)和有机氮(精氨酸)处理的幼苗在相同施氮水平下生长表现无明显差异,施用有机氮可以与施用无机氮获得相同的促进苗木生长的效果。不同氨基酸及其组合肥料施用对小黑杨幼苗生长的影响显著。单一氨基酸施肥情况下,施用精氨酸促进苗木生长的效果最好,谷氨酸次之,甘氨酸最差;氨基酸组合施肥情况下,有精氨酸的组合施肥苗木生长好,有甘氨酸的组合施肥苗木生长差。不同氨基酸施肥处理对小黑杨幼苗各器官氮含量没有明显影响。

To investigate the growth response of broad-leaved trees to amino acid organic nitrogen fertilization,the effects of different N rates（12,24 and 48 mg · seedling-1） and different forms of nitrogen（organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen） fertilization on the growth of Populus simonii × P.nigra seedings were studied using the sowing seedlings.The regardless of inorganic nitrogen （ammonium nitrate） or organic nitrogen （arginine）,the seedling height,diameter and total biomass of P.simonii × P.nigra seedling increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate,but the nitrogen use efficiency of seedlings treated with medium N fertilizer was the highest.The growth performance of seedlings treated with inorganic nitrogen （ammonium nitrate） and organic nitrogen（arginine） showed no significant difference under the same nitrogen application rates.The application of organic nitrogen could achieve the same effect of promoting seedling growth as the application of inorganic nitrogen.Different amino acids and their combination fertilizers have significant effects on the growth of P.simonii × P.nigra seedlings.Under the condition of single amino acid fertilization,arginine was the best one to promote seedling growth,followed by glutamic acid and glycine.Under the combination of amino acid fertilizers,the combination of arginine fertilization seedlings grow well,the combination of glycine fertilization seedlings grow poor.Different amino acid fertilization treatments had no significant effect on the nitrogen content of different organs of P.simonii × P.nigra seedlings.