新型野战胸腔引流装置的设计及应用

Design and application of a new thoracic drainage device for battlefields

目的设计制备便携式新型胸腔引流装置,验证其在犬血气胸模型上的应用效果。方法自行设计新型胸腔引流装置,包括引流管、管芯、固定板和折叠式引流袋四部分。建立犬血气胸模型,随机分为对照组和实验组(n=6),对照组采用传统胸腔闭式引流方式,实验组采用自行设计的引流装置,通过手术时间、引流量及引流管可承受的拉力等指标评价新型胸腔引流装置的引流效果,并观察引流装置的止血效果。结果与对照组手术时间(10.1±2.2)min相比,实验组手术时间(3.9±1.1)min显著缩短(P<0.01);实验组术后0.5、1、2、4 h后引流量分别为(105±19)、(218±17)、(290±35)、(321±41)ml,与对照组相比各时间段均无统计学差异;实验组拉力承受能力与对照组相比明显增强(P<0.01)。结论新型野战胸腔引流装置操作方便迅速,胸壁固定性好,便于携带,引流效果与传统闭式引流操作相当,止血效果好,在野战条件和临床中均可使用。

Objective To design and develop a portable thoracic drainage device and evaluate its applicability on a canine hemopneumothorax model. Methods A new portable thoracic drainage device was designed,which was composed of the drainage tube,tube core,fixed board and folded drainage bag. Adult dogs were chosen to establish a canine hemopneumothorax model,which were randomly divided into the control group and experimental group(n = 6）. The control group was treated with traditional closed drainage operation,while the experimental group was treated with the designed device. The drainage effect was compared between the two groups in terms of the duration of surgery, drainage volume and pulling force. Meanwhile, the hemostasis effect was determined.Results Compared with the control group,the duration of surgery in the experiment group was shortened significantly,while the bearing capacity against pulling force was increased obviously. However,the drainage volume showed no significant difference between the two groups. The device produced a confirmed hemostasis effect due to the introduction of chitosan. Conclusions The new thoracic drainage device for battlefields is user-friendly,fixable and portable,exhibits similar drainage effect to traditional closed drainage operation and shows hemostasis effect,which might be worthy of clinical application.