我国环境侵权精神损害赔偿制度的司法限制与扩张——基于18个典型案例的分析

Judicial Restriction and Expansion of the System of Mental Damage Compensation for Environmental Tort in China——A Comparative Analysis based on 18 Typical Cases

随着环境权、环境公平与正义理念在环境法领域的日渐渗透,我们应该将环境案件救济的范围从单纯的物质损害扩充至精神损害。目前,我国环境侵权精神损害赔偿制度面临着赔偿范围认定不一、与相邻关系请求权竞合、赔偿数额确定难度大等诸多问题。为了解决上述问题,我国应在维护原有法律秩序和法律体系的基础上,在环境侵权精神损害赔偿的限制与扩张的平衡状态中最大程度地保障公民的精神利益。

The environmental law used to focus on the study of personal injury and property damage compensation,but the research on the compensation for mental damage is relatively rare.With the increasing infiltration of environmental rights and environmental justice in the field of environmental law,it is necessary to extend the scope of environmental remedy from purely material damage to mental damage.Nowadays,the system is faced with many problems,such as the different opinions of legal scope of compensation,the concurrence of claims with neighboring relations,and the difficulty of determining the amount of compensation.In order to solve the above problems,we should maximize the protection of citizens＇ spiritual interests in the balance state of the limitation and expansion of the compensation for mental damage in environmental tort based on maintaining the original legal order and legal system.