大规模可控负荷被恶意控制场景下配电网风险分析

Risk Analysis of Distribution Network with Large-scale Controllable Loads with Attacks

用户对负荷的远程可控性及用户侧信息安全防护措施的脆弱性,使得可控负荷极易被攻击者恶意控制,可能出现大规模负荷的同投/同退或频繁投退现象,从而威胁电网的安全稳定运行。首先,分析了各类可控负荷面临的安全威胁与攻击成本,考虑网络攻击因素,提出了含有可控负荷的配电网控制模型,建立了可控负荷被恶意控制的攻击模型,并以"开""关"控制为基础,定义了可控负荷可能遭受的三类攻击,通过实测和统计分析,研究了网络时延对攻击模型参数的影响。在上述工作的基础上,选取了合适的场景,仿真分析了可控负荷遭受恶意控制对配电网供电可靠性和电能质量的影响,证明了被控负荷达到一定规模后会给配电网带来风险,并针对不同攻击类型给出了风险后果。

The remote controllability of loads and the weakness of user-side information security protection make it easy that controllable loads（CLs）are maliciously controlled by attackers,which might affect safe and stable operation of power grid.Firstly,security of risk brought by different kinds of CLs is analyzed,and a control model of distribution network with CLs considering the cyber-attack is proposed.Moreover,an attack model of CLs maliciously controlled is established,and three types of attacks that CLs suffered are defined on the basis of＂on＂and＂off＂mode for control.Then,the influence of network delay on attack model is studied by the measurement and statistical analysis.On the basic of the research mentioned above,appropriate scenes are chosen to simulate and analyze the influence on the reliability and power quality of the distribution network when CLs suffer malicious control.The simulation verifies that the controlled loads which reach a certain scale will bring risks to the distribution network and risk consequence is proposed according to different types of attackers.