设计压力对储罐结构设计的影响

The effect of design pressure on tank structure design

GB 50341-2014《立式圆筒形钢制焊接油罐设计规范》对储罐的设计压力范围进行扩展,并提出相关的技术要求。对压力引起的储罐强度破坏进行理论分析,从正压和负压两方面分别阐述设计压力的取值对罐顶与罐壁连接处有效截面积、罐壁板计算厚度、罐壁加强圈及罐顶结构类型的影响。结果表明:该规范中罐顶与罐壁弱连接有效截面积计算公式仅适合Q235钢板材质;在微内压工况下,抗压环截面积取值要求与弱顶结构的取值要求相冲突,两者无法同时满足;在负压工况下,加强圈的数量根据许用临界压力和最大允许不加强罐壁当量高度确定,研究结果可为储罐结构设计提供借鉴和参考。

The range of tank design pressure is expanded in the GB 50341-2014 Code for Design of Vertical Cylindrical Welded steel Oil Tanks and the relevant technical requirements are also described in the code. The tank strength failure caused by the pressure was theoretically analyzed, and the effects of positive and negative design pressure on the effective cross-section area at the roof-to-shell junction, calculation thickness of shell plate, shell stiffening ring and roof structure type were illustrated. It is indicated that the calculation formula for the effective cross-section area at the roof-to-shell weak junction stipulated in the code is only suitable for Q235 metal plate. Under the working condition with small internal pressure, the cross-section area of compression ring is in conflict with the value of weak-roof structure, so they cannot be satisfied simultaneously. Under the negative pressure, the number of stiffening rings is determined on the basis of the allowable critical pressure and the maximum equivalent height of unstiffened tank shell. The research results provide the reference for tank structure design. （2 Tables, 20 References）