海棠锈病病菌特征观察及其冬孢子萌发培养

Observation on Characteristics of Crabapple Rust Disease and Germination Incubation of Teliospores

以海棠锈病病菌为研究对象,通过直接观察、显微结构观测和荧光染色等方法,对海棠锈病病菌特征进行观测,并对锈菌冬孢子进行萌发培养试验。结果表明:该锈菌存在冬孢子、担孢子、性孢子、锈孢子4种孢子类型。其中冬孢子堆生于圆柏瘿瘤上,遇水后萌发产生担孢子,担孢子侵染海棠叶片后产生性孢子、锈孢子;冬孢子在无菌水和海棠叶片浸出液中均可萌发产生担孢子,培养10h后冬孢子累计萌发率基本达到饱和点,叶片浸出液中培养的冬孢子累计萌发率略高于无菌水。

Crabapple rust disease was selected as research object,the morphology and germination of teliospores,as well as infecting structure of crabapple rust disease were studied by means of direct observation,microscopy and fluorescent dyeing technology.The results showed that there were four kinds of spore types,which were teliospores,basidiospores,pycnospores,and aeciospores.The teliospores were born on the cypress gall tumor,and after the water germination to produce basidiospores.Basidiospores produced pycnospores and aeciospores after infection with leaves.After 10 hours of incubation,the cumulative germination rate of teliospores reached the saturation point,the cumulative germination rate of teliospores in leaves leaching solution was slightly higher than that of sterile water.