温度对血压变化影响的研究进展

Research Progress on the Effects of Temperature on Blood Pressure

高血压病是严重危害人类健康的心血管疾病之一,虽然国内外有大量流行病学研究分析温度与血压之间关系,但是相关的综述却很少。该文对国内外发表的关于温度与血压之间关系的流行病学研究资料进行综述。联机检索数据库包括Pub Med、Web of Science、Science Direct、CNKI、万方,甄选的方法采用关键词和相关参考文献追溯等途径,收集1980—2016年国内外发表的关于温度与血压关系的所有流行病学文献。共检索到符合要求的文献31篇,关注温度对血压影响的研究26篇,极端低温对血压影响的研究3篇,极端高温对血压影响的研究2篇。多数研究证明温度与血压呈负相关关系,部分研究结果发现温度对血压变化的影响存在温度阈值,其中,一些研究结果显示在高于温度阈值时,温度与血压才呈负相关关系;另一些研究结果显示在低于温度阈值时,温度与血压呈负相关关系,高于温度阈值时,温度与血压呈正相关关系。关于亚人群易感性的分析仍存在争议,需要未来研究进一步予以确认。

Hypertension is one of the cardiovascular diseases that seriously threaten human health. Although there are a large number of epidemiological studies to analyze the relationship between temperature and blood pressure,there are few related reviews. This article reviewed the epidemiological research published on the relationship between temperature and blood pressure. The online search database includes Pub Med,Web of Science,Science Direct,CNKI,and Wanfang. The method used for the selection of literatures were based on keywords and related references,and collected all epidemiological literatures on the relationship between temperature and blood pressure published from 1980 to 2016. A total of 31 articles that met the requirements,26 studies focused on the effects of temperature on blood pressure,3 studies focused on the effects of extreme low temperature on blood pressure,and 2 studies focused on the effects of extreme high temperature on blood pressure. Most studies have shown an inverse correlation between temperature and blood pressure. Some studies found that temperature has a temperature threshold on the impact of blood pressure,some of which shown that when the temperature is higher than the temperature threshold,temperature and blood pressure are inversely correlated,other studies shown that when the temperature is lower than the temperature threshold,the temperature inversely correlate with blood pressure,when the temperature is higher than the temperature threshold,there is a positive correlation between temperature and blood pressure. The analysis of sub-population susceptibility is still controversial and needs future research to further confirm.