鳀鱼蒸煮液的反渗透浓缩技术

Concentration Technique of Engraulis japonicus Soup by Reverse Osmosis Membrane

以鳀鱼蒸煮液为原料,研究压力、温度、流速、蒸煮液浓度以及盐含量对反渗透膜通量、截留率、水溶性蛋白、氨基酸态氮等的影响。结果表明:提高温度、压力均能增大膜通量,且通量随温度的升高线性增加,随溶液盐含量的增加而降低。1.50 MPa时通量和溶质截留率的增长幅度均减小,截留效率降低;30℃时通量较大,挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)、菌落总数相对于浓缩因子增长率最小,丙二醛(TBARS)受温度影响较大,其增长率大于相应的浓缩因子;增大流速对膜通量影响不显著(P>0.05);30℃,1.50 MPa,流速为1.60 m/s时进行反渗透浓缩,水溶性蛋白质、氨基酸态氮分别浓缩5.80倍和4.29倍;在降低盐含量的同时增大溶液浓度,可提高反渗透膜浓缩效率。多聚磷酸钠+SDS+EDTA复合清洗剂对反渗透膜的清洗效率高,30℃清洗30 min,膜通量恢复95.80%。

The effects of operation pressure, temperature, flow rate, concentration of cooking liquor and the salt content on the reverse osmosis membrane flux, rejection rate, water soluble protein and amino acid nitrogen. The results showed that the membrane flux increased with the operation temperature and pressure, temperature had positive correlativity with the membrane flux, the membrane flux and solute intercept rate show minor increase and the retaining rate decreased when the operation pressure at 1.50 MPa. The flux is larger, and the growth rate of total aerobic bacterial count and total volatile base nitrogen（TVB-N） value was minimum compared to the concentration factor when temperature was 30 ℃. The rate of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances（TBARS） value increase was greatly influenced by temperature and the growth rate was bigger than concentration factor, the flow rate had no significant effect on the membrane flux（P〉0.05）. So when reverse osmosis concentration at operation pressure 1.50 MPa, 30 ℃ and 1.60 m/s velocity the water-soluble protein and amino acid nitrogen concentration 5.80 and 4.29 times than diluted respectively. The lower salt content is, the bigger of the membrane flux is, reduce the salt content and appropriately increasing solution concentration can improve the efficiency of membrane concentration. Blend of cleaning agent sodium phosphate polymer ＋ SDS＋ EDTA have higher cleaning effect of reverse osmosis membrane cleaning, when cleaning 30 min under 30 ℃, the flux recovery ratio was 95.80%.