扣带回的解剖、生理及扣带回癫

Cingulate gyrus: anatomy, physiology and epileptic seizure

扣带回系"新月"形脑回,位于大脑半球内侧扣带沟与胼胝体之间,是边缘系统和Papez环路的重要部分,包括前扣带回、中扣带回和后扣带回。前扣带回有多种功能,涉及情绪、认知、运动、内脏运动、母性行为和社会交往;后扣带回涉及视空间能力和记忆力。前扣带回癫是特殊类型的癫综合征,临床症状多样,包括呆滞、过度运动、姿势性强直性发作、自主神经系统症状和情绪变化;中扣带回癫表现为对侧或双侧肢体强直或阵挛;后扣带回是症状静止区,但其发作自后扣带回扩布至边缘网络或其他脑区而表现出多种症状。

The cingulate gyrus is crescent-shaped convolution on the medial surface of cerebralhemisphere between cingulate sulcus and corpus callosum. Cingulate gyrus is an integral component of thelimbic system and Papez＇s circuit, including anterior cingulate cortex（ACC） middle cingulate cortex（MCC）and posterior cingulate cortex（PCC）. ACC have numerous functions： emotion, cognition, motor,visceromotor, maternal behavior and social activities. PCC is considered to be involved in visuospatial andmemory function. ACC epilepsy is a peculiar epileptic syndrome with a broad range of clinicalmanifestations including blunting, hypermotor and postural tonic seizures, as well as autonomic symptomsand mood alteration. The manifestations of MCC epilepsy are tonic or clonic seizures on contralateral orbilateral extremities. PCC is semiologically on the silent area. Furthermore, the spread of seizure activityfrom this area to limbic network or other symptomatogenic areas can contribute to miscellaneous symptoms.