针刺“百会”“足三里”对血管性认知障碍模型大鼠认知功能的影响

Effects of electroacupuncture on cognitive function in vascular cognitive impairment rats

目的观察针剌“百会”“足三里”对血管性认知障碍（vascular cognitive impairment．VCI）模型大鼠认知功能的影响，探讨其作用机制。方法采用颈内动脉微栓子注入法制备VCI大鼠模型。按随机数字表法分为假手术组、模型组、阳性药物组、针刺组，每组12只。造模2周后，针刺组大鼠电针“百会”“足三里”，1次／d，20min／次；阳性药物组灌胃盐酸多奈哌齐片混悬液0．5206mg／kg，连续干预30d。采用水迷宫实验测试大鼠的认知学习能力，生化法检测大鼠皮层SOD、GSH-Px、MDA、过氧化氢（hydrogen peroxide，H202）含量。结果与模型组比较，针剌组、阳性药物组大鼠穿越平台次数[（7．5±1．9）次、（6．8±2．2）次比（3．7±1．0）次]增加（P〈0．05），目标象限总路程[（495．4±89．4）cm、（487．6±96．2）cm比（341．4±67．3）cm]增加（P〈0．05）；针刺组、阳性药物组大鼠皮层中SOD[（17-3±3．3）U／mg、（15．1±2．5）U／mg比（9．7±4．9）U／mg]水平升高（P〈0．05），MDA[（9．1±2．2）μmol／L、（8．4±3．7）p．mol／L比（15．2±4．4）gmol／L]、H202[（85．2±16．2）μmol／L、（82．1±13．2）μmol／L比（114．7±24．8）μmol／L]含量降低（P〈0．05）；针刺组GSH-Px[（14．5±3．7）U／mg比（9．0±2．5U／mg）]活力升高（P〈0．05）。结论针刺“百会”“足三里”可改善VCI大鼠的认知能力，提高皮层中总SOD及GSH．Px活力，降低MDA、H202含量，增强机体抗氧化能力，同时抑制过氧化反应，改善自由基的代谢。

Objective To investigate the effect of acupuncture at Baihui （DU20） and Zusanli （ST36） acupoints on the cognitive function and the oxidation protective mechanism of cortex in vascular cognitive impairment （VCI） rats, providing experimental evidence for the clinical treatment of VCI. Methods The VCI model was established by fluorescent microemboli injection through internal carotid artery. Randomly divided into the control group （n=12）, the model group （n=12）, the positive drug group （n=12）, the acupuncture treatment group （n=12）. Two weeks after modeling, the rats in the acupuncture treatment group were stimulated for 30 minutes with daily electroacupuncture at Baihui and Zusanli acupoints. The positive drug group was treated with donepezil hydrochloride 0.520 6 mg/kg orally daily for 30 days. After the treatment, the water maze test was used to test the cognitive learning ability of rats. The content of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, malondialdehyde （MDA）, glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） and hydrogen peroxide （H202） in the cortex of rats were detected by biochemical methods. Results Compared with the model group, the number of passing through the platform （7.5 ±1.9, 6.8± 2.2 vs. 3.7 ± 1.0） of acupuncture treatment group and positive drug group were significantly higher （P〈0.05）, and the total distance in target quadrant （495.4 ±89.4 cm, 487.6 ±96.2 cm vs. 341.4 ±67.3 cm） were significantly longer （P〈0.05）. In acupuncture treatment group and the positive drug group, the activity of SOD in the cortex （17.3 ± 3.3 U/mg, 15.1 ± 2.5 U/rag vs. 9.7 ±4.9 U/mg） was significantly higher （P〈0.05）, but the MDA （9.1 ± 2.2 μmol/L, 8.4 ± 3.7 p.mol/L vs. 15.2 ±4.4μmol/L）, and H202 （85.2 ±16.2 μmol/L, 82.1±13.2 μmol/L vs. 114.7 ± 24.8 μmol/L） were significantly lower （P〈0.05）. In acupuncture group, the activity of GSH-Px （14.5 ± 3.7 U/rag vs. 9.0 ±2.5 U/mg） was significantly higher than that in control group （P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference between acupuncture group and positive drug （P〉0.05）. Conclusions Acupuncture at Baihui and Zusanli acupoints can improve the behavior scores of rats with VCI, increase the contents of total SOD and GSH-Px,decrease the content of MDA and H202 in brain,and enhance ant^oxidant effects, while inhibiting peroxidation, improve free radical metabolism.