声波反射测量尿道压力的方法和应用

Method and Application of Acoustic Reflectometry in Urethral Pressure Research

无论是正常还是病生理条件下女性尿道的闭合机制还未完全了解清楚。近10余年来,尿道压声反射测量(UPR)得以发展并主要应用于女性压力性尿失禁。UPR利用声波反射检测的原理连续测量整个尿道的压力和相应的截面积,其最大优势在于检测时不改变尿道的自然形状和走向,遵循物理定律。这是常用的检测手段如尿道压力分布测定(UPP)难以实现的。本文介绍了该方法和有关UPR的相关研究,在男性和女性其它尿道疾病应用的可能性及其发展趋势。

The urethral closure mechanism in women, which is important in normal and pathophysiological conditions, is incompletely understood. Over the last decade, urethral pressure reflectometry（UPR）, a method that measures pressure and the corresponding cross-sectional area along the entire length of the urethra continuously by means of acoustic reflectometry, has been developed and applied mostly in patients with stress urinary incontinence（SUI）. The main advantage of UPR is that it is performed without distending the urethra and changing its natural shape, respecting the laws of physics when measuring urethral pressure, which is impossible in conventional methods such as UPP. The paper is to introduce the method and the studies conducted with UPR, and the application possibilities in other urethra conditions in both man and women, in order to keep up the research and clinical trends in the field of urodynamics.