严重皮肤黏膜损害患者184例的药物不良反应分析

Analysis of 184 cases of severe lesion of the skin and mucous membrane

目的探讨致严重皮肤黏膜损害的常见致敏药物及临床特点,为合理防治药源性严重皮肤黏膜损害提供参考。方法从药物品种、临床表现等方面对医院上报的严重皮肤黏膜损害病例184例进行回顾性分析。结果184例严重皮肤黏膜损害患者用药涉及101种药物,其中抗菌药物所致最多,其次为非甾体抗炎药。患者住院或住院时间延长78例,大疱性表皮松解型药疹31例,重症多形红斑型药疹29例,剥脱性皮炎型药疹22例,其他型重症药疹24例,平均潜伏期(7.67±8.71)d。结论为减少严重的药源性皮肤黏膜损害,医务人员应了解常见致病药物品种及其临床表现,患者在用药过程中也应进行自我监测。

Objective To investigate the common sensitized drugs causing severe skin and mucous membrane lesions and their clinical features,so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of severe drug-induced skin and mucous membrane lesions. Methods A total of 184 cases of severe skin and mucous membrane lesions reported by hospitals were retrospectively analyzed in aspects of drug types and clinical manifestations. Results Among the 184 patients with severe skin and mucous membrane lesions,101 drugs were involved in the use of drugs,of which antibacterial drugs caused the most,followed by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. There were 78 patients hospitalized or hospitalized for an extended period of time,31 cases of bullous epidermolysis-type drug eruption,29 cases of severe erythema multiforme drug eruption,22 cases of exfoliative dermatitis drug eruption,and 24 cases of other severe drug eruptions with an average incubation period of(7. 67 ±8. 71） days. Conclusions In order to reduce the severe lesion of the skin and mucous membrane excited by drug,the medical staff should be familiar with drugs that usually induce lesion of skin and mucous membrane and their clinical manifestations,and the patient should do self-monitoring during medicinal treatment.