译者-作者互动与翻译过程——基于葛浩文翻译档案的分析

Translator-writer interaction and translation process——Analysis based on Howard Goldblatt's translation documents

近年来翻译研究不再局限于原文与译文之间的静态对比,而更多地关注动态的翻译过程。在文学翻译的过程中,尤其是译者在翻译当代文学作品的过程中,译者与作者之间存在着许多实际的互动,比如书信往来、电话交流、媒体对谈等,由此留存的翻译档案为研究翻译过程提供了鲜活而珍贵的材料。本文以俄克拉荷马大学中国文学翻译档案馆所收藏的葛浩文、林丽君翻译《推拿》过程中与作者毕飞宇之间的往来邮件为基础,将译者阅读的原文、译者提出的问题、作者做出的回答与最终出版的译文结合起来分析,展现译者与作者在翻译过程中的互动,包括意义追索、意图交流、矛盾求证等。希望本研究可以作为一个案例,拓展翻译研究的路径,促进学界对第一手翻译档案的保存和交流,为文学翻译实践研究和理论建设提供有价值的参考。

In recent years, translation study is no longer limited to the static comparison between the original text and the translated text, but focuses on the dynamic process of translation. In the process of literary translation, especially when translators are translating contemporary Chinese literature, they have a lot of interactions with the writer via mails, phone calls and interviews, which provide vivid materials for studying the translation process. Based on the mails collected at the Chinese Literature Translation Archive in the University of Oklahoma between the translators Howard Goldblatt and Sylvia Li-chun Lin and the writer Bi Feiyu, during the course of translating Massage, the present article combines the original text, the questions raised by the translators, the writer's answers to these questions, and the published text of translation, to show the joint efforts of the translators and the writer in conveying the meaning, communicating the intention and verifying the contradiction. The present research, as a case study, which aims to broaden the approaches to translation study and to encourage scholars to keep and circulate fi rst-hand translation documents will be valuable to both literary translation practice and theoretical construction.