基于生态位理论的特色小镇协调发展研究——以湖州市特色小镇为例

Study on Coordinated Development of Characteristic Towns Based on Niche Theory with Case of Huzhou Characteristic Towns

特色小镇的核心问题是产业问题,做好特色小镇产业顶层规划是特色小镇协调发展的前提,良好的产业生态位是特色小镇协调发展的重要标志。文章总结了特色小镇产业的发展过程,分析了特色小镇产业的生态位特征,建立了特色小镇产业的动态演化路径。提出特色小镇之间的三种生态位关系,通过测算特色小镇的生态位重叠度评价特色小镇之间的协调发展水平。以湖州市的特色小镇为例,测算湖州市的特色小镇间的产业生态位重叠度,结果显示：湖州市特色小镇产业总体生态位重叠度较低,但部分小镇之间的生态位重叠度较高,存在一定的同质化发展现象。对于重叠度较高的小镇进一步测算生态位值,得出相关小镇的产业竞争力,最后提出特色小镇的发展政策建议。

The core problem of the characteristic town is industry, and top-level planning is the premise for the coordinated development of characteristic town industry, and a good industrial niche is an important symbol of the coordinated development of the characteristic towns. The paper summarizes the formation of the industrial niche of the characteristic town, and analyzes the niche characteristics of the characteristic town, and establishes the dynamic evolution path of the characteristic town industry. The paper proposes three niche relationships among the characteristic towns, and evaluates the coordinated development level between the characteristic towns by measuring the niche overlap degree. Taking the characteristic towns in Huzhou as an example, the paper calculates the industrial niche overlap. Overall, the niche of characteristic towns in Huzhou is coordinated except some towns. The industrial competitiveness of the towns with high niche overlap is estimated through niche calculation. Finally, some policy suggestions of characteristic towns are put forward.