默认意义及其翻译策略探究——默认语义学视角

On the Default Meaning and Its Translation Strategies——A Default Semantics Perspective

默认语义学对翻译过程中的意义理解和传译具有较强的解释力。默认意义不仅包括认知默认和社会文化默认,还包括修辞默认。认知默认包括指称默认和级差默认;社会文化默认包括原型默认和文化习俗默认;修辞默认包括隐喻默认、换喻默认等。跨文化翻译中,可以采取四种翻译策略处理默认意义以达到传译的有效性,即默认保留策略、默认转化策略、默认增减策略和默认置换策略。

Default Semantics offers a strong theoretical foundation in explaining the understanding and rendering of meaning in translation. In our theoretical framework,default meanings not only include cognitive and socio-cultural defaults but also rhetorical defaults. Cognitive defaults can be subdivided into referent and scalar defaults, while socio-cultural defaults into prototype and custom defaults, and rhetorical defaults into metaphoric and metonymic defaults. Four translation strategies can be adopted to enhance the efficacy of intercultural translation,i, e. maintenance, transformation, amplification and omission,and transposition.