苜草素对肉仔鸡生长性能和体脂肪沉积的影响

Effect of alfalfa extract(polysavone) on performance and body fat deposition in broiler chickens

为了研究苜草素对肉仔鸡生长性能和体脂肪沉积的影响,试验选取1日龄AA雌性肉仔鸡120只,随机分为4组,其中对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂分别添加100,300,500 mg/kg苜草素的试验日粮,试验期为49 d。从第4周开始直至第7周测定肉仔鸡生长性能,分别于28,35,42,49日龄时测定脂肪沉积及血液脂蛋白脂酶（LPL）活性、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平。结果表明：日粮中添加500 mg/kg苜草素可显著提高第4,7周肉仔鸡的平均日增重（P〈0.05）,显著降低第5,6,7周肉仔鸡料重比（P〈0.05）,显著增加28,35日龄肉仔鸡体重（P〈0.05）。日粮中添加300,500 mg/kg苜草素可显著降低28,35,42日龄肉仔鸡腹脂率（P〈0.05）;日粮中添加500 mg/kg苜草素可显著降低28,35日龄肉仔鸡皮下脂肪厚度（P〈0.05）;日粮中添加苜草素对肉仔鸡肌间脂肪宽度的影响不显著（P〉0.05）。28,35,42日龄时,日粮中添加500 mg/kg苜草素可显著降低肉仔鸡血清LPL活性和LDL-C水平（42日龄除外）（P〈0.05）,显著升高血清HDL-C水平（P〈0.05）;日粮中添加300 mg/kg苜草素可显著降低28,35日龄肉仔鸡血清中LPL活性（P〈0.05）,显著升高28日龄血清中HDL-C水平（P〈0.05）,显著降低35日龄血清中LDL-C水平（P〈0.05）。说明日粮中添加300 mg/kg苜草素能抑制肉仔鸡腹部脂肪沉积;日粮中添加500 mg/kg苜草素能提高肉仔鸡的生产性能、抑制肉仔鸡腹部脂肪和皮下脂肪沉积,并能降低血清LPL活性和LDL-C水平、升高血清HDL-C水平。

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of alfalfa extract on performance and body fat deposition in broiler chickens.120 1-day-old female commercial Arbor Acres broiler chickens were randomly divided into four groups： Control group was fed basal diet. The treated groups were supplemented with 100,300,500 mg/kg alfalfa extract in the basal diet for 49 days,respectively. Growth performance of broiler chickens was determined from the 4 th week until 7 th week. Fat deposition,blood lipoprotein lipase（LPL） activity,high density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C） and low density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） were measured at days 28,35,42 and 49,respectively. The results showed that the average daily gain was significantly increased at weeks 4 and 7（P〈0. 05）,the feed/gain was significantly decreased at weeks 5,6 and 7（P〈0. 05） and the body weight of broilers was significantly increased at days 28 and 35（P〈0. 05） by supplementing500 mg/kg alfalfa extract. The percentage of abdominal fat was significantly reduced at days 28,35 and 42 by supplementing 300 and500 mg/kg alfalfa extract（P〈0. 05） and the thickness of broiler chickens subcutaneous fat was significantly decreased by supplementing500 mg/kg alfalfa extract（P〈0. 05）. But the width of intramuscular fat was not significantly affected by supplementing alfalfa extract（P〈0. 05）. The LPL activity and the level of LDL-C（no significant difference at day 42） in serum of broiler chickens were significantly decreased（P〈0. 05） and the level of HDL-C in serum was significantly increased at days 28,35 and 42 by supplementing 500 mg/kg alfalfa extract（P〉0. 05）. The LPL activity in serum was significantly reduced at days 28 and 35 by supplementing 300 mg/kg alfalfa extract（P〈0. 05）. The level of LDL-C was increased significantly at day 28（P〈0. 05） and the level of HDL-C was decreased significantly at day 35（P〈0. 05）. The results indicated that the abdominal fat deposition could be inhibited by supplementing 300 mg/kg alfalfa extract in the basal diet. The performance of broiler chickens could be improved,the abdominal fat and subcutaneous fat deposition could be inhibited,the activity of LPL and level of LDL-C could be reduced and HDL-C level in serum could be increased by supplementing 500 mg/kg alfalfa extract in the basal diet.