“草畜平衡”工程对农牧户家庭经营模式影响研究——以内蒙古鄂尔多斯地区为例

The impact of “forage-livestock balance” project on farmer’s family management mode——Ordos region in Inner Mongolia was taken as an example

草畜平衡奖补政策全面实施5年后,研究该工程对实施地区生产生活的影响及对政策的进一步完善意义重大。笔者采用地方工作人员参与性评估问卷调查法和收入因子分析法对鄂尔多斯地区不同区域农牧户的生产生活情况进行了调查与对比分析。结果表明：与草畜平衡奖补政策全面实施前相比,养殖规模违背政策期望出现了较大程度的反弹,养殖结构仍没有实现合理调整,在草原生态环境改善的同时却大幅提高了养殖成本;研究区域经营结构的单一性已经开始打破,但仍然没有彻底改变不同区域经营方向逆转自然环境的现象。

Forage-livestock balance award policy has been fully implemented for 5 years,and the impact of this project on production and living in the region could be of great significance to further improve the policy. Assessment questionnaire method and income factor analysis were used in this paper,in which local workers participated. Investigation and comparative analysis were carried out on farmer＇s production and living situation in different areas of Ordos region. The results showed that in comparison with before full implementation on forage-livestock balance award policy,farming scale was contrary to policy expectations and there was a big bounce,and farming structure also did not realize reasonable adjustment; farming cost was substantially increased when grassland ecological environment was improved. The simplicity of the regional management structure had begun to break down,but there was still no complete change in the phenomenon of reverse natural environment in different regional management directions.