防冲支架的核心吸能构件设计与吸能性能研究

Design and performance research on core energy absorption component of anti-impact support

为了解决巷道液压支架在冲击地压发生时结构失效以及立柱折损的问题,设计了一种能够快速变形让位、吸收冲击能的构件,用于门式吸能防冲液压支架中,从而保护液压立柱不损坏并且支架结构不失效。对吸能构件的构型进行设计并且研究了其吸能性能。首先,基于门式吸能液压支架的防冲功能提出吸能构件在承载力、反力变化、吸能方式、吸能量以及稳定性5个方面的性能要求。然后对吸能构件的构型设计及其吸能原理进行了详细论述,并结合数值模拟对构件的屈曲吸能机理进行了分析。最后通过室内实验,研究了1∶1吸能构件的力学性能,实验结果表明:吸能构件承载力均值为2 428 kN;后屈曲反力变化相对比较平稳;压缩量达50%时吸能量均值为357 kJ;吸收能量都转化为构件不可恢复的变形能;屈曲过程稳定且与数值模拟结果非常接近。

In order to solve the structure failure and column wreck problem of roadway hydraulic support in rock burst,a kind of component that can quickly abdicate and absorb impact energy is designed,which is used in gantry energy absorption and anti impact hydraulic support. And then the component is used to protect hydraulic columns and the o verall structure of support from damage. In this paper,the structural and energy absorption performance of energy ab sorption component is studied. Firstly,five performance requirements of energy absorption component were proposed according to the anti impact function of gantry energy absorption hydraulic support,which are bearing capacity,reac tion force changes,energy absorption,energy absorption and stability. Then,the structure design and mechanical prin ciple of energy absorption component were discussed in detail,and the buckling energy absorption mechanism of com ponent was analyzed by numerical simulation. Finally,the mechanical properties of 1 ∶ 1 energy absorption component was studied by laboratory experiments. The experimental results show that the bearing capacity of energy absorptioncomponent is 2 428 kN,and the post buckling reaction is relatively stable. When the compression is 50%,the average energy is 357 kJ. The absorption energy is transformed into the irreversible deformation energy of component. The buckling process is stable and close to the numerical simulation result.