单克隆抗体表位分析技术的研究进展

Progress in research on technique for analysis of epitopes of monoclonal antibody

单克隆抗体具有高度均一性及对靶分子的高亲和性、特异性,已广泛应用于自身免疫性疾病、炎性疾病和癌症的治疗。单克隆抗体与相应抗原的反应性决定于其所识别的抗原表位,确定相应表位在抗原结构上的位置是单克隆抗体筛选中的关键步骤。本文主要对几种单克隆抗体表位的分析方法,包括ELISA法、生物酶解法及化学切割法、噬菌体随机肽库、X-射线晶体学、丙氨酸扫描、氢氘交换质谱(hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry,HDX-MS)、生物信息学表位预测方法的原理、特点及研究进展作一综述。

With high homogeneity,affinity and specificity,monoclonal antibodies have been widely used for the therapy of autoimmune disorders,inflammatory diseases and cancer. The antigenic epitope recognized by the monoclonal antibody determines its reactivity with the corresponding antigen,so the determination of location of epitopes on the antigen structure is the key to the screening of monoclonal antibodies. This paper reviews the principle,characters as well as progress in research of several methods for analysis of epitopes of monoclonal antibody,including ELISA,enzymatic hydrolysis,chemical cleavage,phage random peptide library,X-ray crystallography,alanine scanning,hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry（HDX-MS）and bioinformatics tools for epitope prediction.