安徽省铜陵市大学生体质健康的现状调查

Investigation on physical health status of college students in Tongling,Anhui

目的探讨不同专业、不同性别大学生的体质健康状况存在的差异。方法通过对2016—2017年铜陵市无器质性疾病的30 814名高校大学生的健康数据进行归类,从身体形态、身体机能、身体素质三方面比较不同专业和性别大学生的体质健康差异。结果 BMI值男生高于女生,其中艺术类男生BMI值最高,男生超重和肥胖的发生率为13.5%,女生为12.8%。肺活量/BMI总体男女之间没有差异,但艺术专业男生的肺活量体重指数高于女生,不同专业男生的肺活量体重指数没有差异,但女生存在差异,艺术系高于文科,文科高于理科。握力/BMI总体上男女没有差异,理科的男生握力体重指数高于理科女生,艺术系的男生和女生高于其他专业。立定跳远女生优于男生,艺术专业优于文科专业,文科专业优于理科专业。结论体重成为影大学生健康的重要因素,大学生的体质健康促进工作需要重视专业和性别的差异,在体育教学中针对不同专业和体质特点的学生提供个性教学。对男生的体质健康投入更多关注,督促男生加强体育锻炼。

Objective To explore the differences of physical health status among college students of different majors and genders. Methods Based on the data of 2016—2017 in Tongling City,30,814 college students without organic diseases were classified,from the physical difference of body shape,body function and physical quality of three different major and gender of College students. Results The BMI value was higher than that of the female students,among which the BMI value of art boys was the highest,the incidence of overweight and obesity of boys was 13.5%,and that of female students was 12.8%.There was no difference between men and women but overall/BMI vital capacity,vital capacity weight index of professional art boys than girls,there was no difference between the vital capacity weight index different professional boys,but girls were different,the Art Department of higher arts,arts than science. There was no difference between male and female in grip strength/BMI. Boys in science class had higher grip strength and body mass index than female students in science,and male and female students in art department were higher than other majors. Girls in standing long jump were better than boys,art majors were better than liberal arts majors,liberal arts majors were better than science majors.Conclusions Weight becomes an important factor in college students＇ health. College Students＇ physical health promotion needs paying attention to professional and gender differences,in sports teaching for different majors and physical characteristics of students to provide personalized teaching. More attention should be paid to the physical health of boys,and boys should be urged to strengthen physical exercise.