各国针对儿童与家庭公共服务清单的比较研究

清单管理以法律去规范市场主体和政府的行为,是促进政府治理能力现代化的路径,是规范公权、保障私权的法治精神在行政管理中的具体体现。但是目前的清单管理主要以责任清单为主,公共服务清单却比较少,针对儿童及家庭的公共服务清单更是少之又少。纵观世界各国,公共服务更多的是以政策的形式呈现,所以文章采用文献研究、比较研究的研究方法,从何为公共服务清单谈起,选取典型国家,综述发达国家和发展中国家在生存、健康、保护、发展、参与需求五个方面对儿童与家庭所提供的公共服务,比较发展中国家与发达国家所提供的针对儿童与家庭服务的区别,总结经验,以期为我国针对儿童与家庭的公共服务、尤其是针对贫困儿童与家庭的公共服务清单的发展提供建议。

List management is to use the law to regulate the behavior of market players and the government,is to promote the modernization of government governance path and is the concrete manifestation of the rule of law governing private rights and the rule of law in private administration in administrative management. However, the current list management is mainly based on the responsibility list, but the public service list is relatively small. The list of public services for children and families is even fewer.Looking at all countries in the world,public service is more in the form of a policy,therefore, the article adopts the research method of literature researchand comparative study, starts with what is the public service list, selects the typical country, summarizes the public services of the developed countries and the developing countries for children and families from the aspects of survival, health, protection, development and participation needs.Compare the differences between children and family public services provided by developing and developed countriesand summarize experience. Hope to make recommendations for the development of our public service for children and families, especially the list of public services for poor children and families.