民俗体裁学:钟敬文与普罗普的对话——以“地下世界”故事类型研究为个案

Folkloristic Theories of Genre:The Dialogue between Zhong Jingwen and Vladimir Propp

“地下世界”或“地下的生活”“别的国家”“别的地方”的故事类型研究，与当今提倡的跨文化研究中的自我与他者叙事研究有关。钟敬文和俄国的普罗普曾各自编制了本国的故事类型，其中涉及“地下世界”故事类型的研究。从世界故事研究系统看，正是由于有了他们的著述，才产生了非AT故事类型系统，并足以与当时占据主流地位的AT并行，形成了多元化与一元化两种标准的早期对峙，这种工作的学术价值之重大、学术文化影响之深远，很难用其他工作去代替，他们的研究成果需要给予重新评估。今天，国际民俗学界兴起民俗体裁学，他们的学术成果应该是这一新学说的历史基础。

The type of folktale such as"the underground world"or"life in the lower world","other country"and"other world"are rarely mentioned in the Antti AarnThompson(AT)classification system of the types of folktales,but closely related to self and the other narration research in the currently advocated transcultural studies.Professor Zhong Jingwen and Vladimir Propp work out the types of folktales of China and Russia respectively,involving the type of folktale of the"underground world".The non-AT system derives from their research results in the international folkloristics in the research aspect of folktale types.It parallels the dominant AT system in the whole20th century,and forms contrast between multicultural and mono standards.The significance of its academic value and the impact of their view of cultural science cannot be replaced by other researches.Therefore,their research achievements should be reevaluated.Nowadays,their academic achievements have laid historical foundation for the folkloristic theories of genre,a new approach of the international folkloristics.