船只单位{艘}的用字历史考察

Study on the Written Form of the Classifier{sou}(艘)

汉字研究和语言研究所依据的材料不尽相同，词语用字测查应该以同时字料作为主证材料，同时广泛利用训注材料、亡佚字书材料等作为旁证材料，本文试以船只单位{艘}的历时用字为例对相关问题进行探讨。船只单位{艘}产生于秦汉之际，历史上主要使用过“檀、度、艘”三个字位和相关的系列变异字形，大致以南北朝作为分界，南北朝以前习用“樱”字，南北朝之后“艘”迅速行用开来，占据使用优势沿用至今。量词{艘}多样化的记录字位，呈现出汉字隶变、构件优选、书写变异的某些规律。

The research object of Chinese study and Chinese character study are different,we try to discuss the screen and use of written material by taking the written forms of the Classifier{sou}(艘)for example.The classifier{sou}(艘)emerged between the late of the Qin Dynasty and the early of the Han Dynasty.There has been three model of written characters to record the classifier{sou}(艘).And the Southernand Northern Dynasties formed the division of different model of written characters.The character"襡"occupied a leading position before the northern and southern dynasties.After the Sui and Tang dynasties,the character"艘"have been widely used to this day.