交互主体性与现代主义小说的意识互为

Intersubjectivity and Intersubjective Consciousness in Modernist Fiction

本文尝试勾连"交互主体性"与现代主义小说的意识互为的文本现象的相关性。胡塞尔的先验立场使现象学饱受唯我论的困扰,对交互主体性的探讨开启了现象学从先验立场向关系哲学过渡的可能性。而摈弃现实主义外部拟真、以呈现人物的意识体验为己任的现代主义小说家们也曾面对唯我论的争议。伍尔夫、乔伊斯对此做出反思,在创作中从单一意识转向意识互为,借用自由间接引语和意识流呈现了"交互主体性的构造"和"构造的交互主体性"的交互主体性的一体两面的问题,体现了主体性即交互主体性、客观性依存于主体间的朝向与构造的叙事法则。交互主体性为我们更好地理解和把握成熟时期的现代主义小说的叙事特色及其动因提供了新视角。

This thesis tentatively explores intersubjective consciousness in modernist fiction in light ofHusserl＇s intersubjectivity. From early on Husserl posits intersubjectivity as the way to overcome solipsism by clarifying the existence of alternate egos in my original sphere, which testifies the world as objective. A parallel is palpable in modernist fiction as its mature works turn from mono-consciousness to intersubjective consciousness. With free indirect speech and stream-of-consciousness to present a collective of multiple consciousnesses each from its own sphere constituting and experiencing other-I（s）, objects and the world, modernist narratives embody intersubjectivity in representing subjectivity as simultaneously intersubjective and the world as constituted by the co-intentionality of plural subjects. Intersubjectivity brings a new perspective into modernist endeavors to transcend solipsism.