锻造方法对铝合金车轮轮辐组织的影响

Influence of forging method on microstructure of spoke for aluminum alloy wheel

通过实验研究对比摆动辗压锻造和闭式模锻对车轮轮辐性能的影响,通过观察两种锻造方法所获得车轮轮辐处的显微组织,得到以下结论：成形时轮辐变形剧烈,晶界模糊不清,使晶粒呈现出沿材料流变方向伸展的纤维状组织,该纤维组织沿轮辐轮廓分布且无切断,力学性能较高;受变形机理的影响,闭式模锻所得到的产品晶粒沿流动方向分布较均匀,且平均晶粒尺寸细小;摆动辗压锻造所得产品在同等背景条件下,晶粒细小程度较好,局部区域综合性能相对突出。综合来看,两种锻造方法均可使轮辐处晶粒得到细化,该处所形成的纤维组织增强了轮辐处径向强度。经试制后检测,均达到或超过了使用标准。

The influences of swing rolling forging and closed die forging on the properties of the wheel spoke were compared by experiments,and the microstructures of spokes under two types of forging process were observed. The following conclusions are obtained that the deformation of spokes is relatively large,and the grain boundaries are blurred to make the grains show fibrous structure along the rheological direction of material. However,the above fiber structure distribute along the spoke contour without cutting,and the mechanical property is higher. Affected by the closed die working principle,the distribution of its grain along the flow direction is more uniform,and the average grain size is very small. Under the same background conditions,the products obtained by swing rolling forging have better grain size and relatively better overall performance in the local area. All in all,the two forging methods can make the grain refine at the spoke,and the fiber structures here enhance the radial strength. Finally,after verifying by the test,they both can meet or even exceed the using standards.