黑蚂蚁中黑色素的提取及性能初步研究

Research on Extraction and Hysicochemical Properties of Melanin from Black Ants

黑色素是一种存在于各种生物体中的优良的活性成分。为研究影响提取工艺的主要因素,以黑蚂蚁为原料,采用碱溶酸沉法提取黑色素。通过紫外、红外鉴定初步鉴定黑色素,并分析黑蚂蚁黑色素的总酚含量及抗氧化、消除自由基的能力。结果表明,碱提酸沉法提取黑色素过程中水解蛋白对黑色素提取率影响较大。进一步研究发现,当盐酸浓度为6 mol/L、料液比为1︰30 g/m L、水解温度为60℃、水解时间为3 h时,得到的黑色素提取率为5.2%。黑蚂蚁中黑色素磷酸缓冲液在212 nm处有最大吸收峰,IR显示有与文献报道黑色素相吻合的红外特征吸收;与同浓度的抗坏血酸相比,它的抗氧化能力较弱。

Melanin was an active component of a variety of organisms.It was extracted from black ants by alkaline lytic acid precipitation and studied the main influencing factors of extraction process in the paper.The melanin was identified by UV and IR initially.The total phenol content,antioxidant capacity and free radicals of melanin were analyzed.The results showed that the degree of protein hydrolysis had great influence on the extraction rate of melanin.Further study founded the extraction rate of melanin was 5.2%,with solid-liquid ratio 1︰30 g/m L and HCl concentration 6 mol/L,hydrolysis time 3 hours and hydrolysis tempture 60 ℃.Melanin phosphate buffer has the largest absorption peak at 212 nm.IR showed the consistent infrared signature absorption of melanin in the literature.It had a weak antioxidant capacity compared with the same concentration of ascorbic acid.