高黎贡山羊肚菌的调查与分离鉴定

Investigation,Isolation and Identification of Morchella from Gaoligong Mountains

高黎贡山的羊肚菌资源丰富,但相关的研究几乎尚属空白。在高黎贡山不同海拔地区开展羊肚菌资源调查,并进行菌种分离纯化,结合形态特征和核糖体DNA转录间隔区(ITS)序列分析来进行分类鉴定。结果表明:从高黎贡山低海拔的潞江坝(1 065 m)到高海拔的贡山(2 850 m)都有羊肚菌的分布,芒宽常绿阔叶林山地陡坡芭蕉树下和潞江坝坝弯农田边龙舌兰丛下采集的材料属于黄色羊肚菌分支,贡山针叶林落叶松下采集的材料属于黑色羊肚菌分支,百花岭常绿阔叶林杜鹃树下采集的材料与羊肚菌形态相似,是鹿花菌属的假羊肚菌。

Morchella resources in Gaoligong mountains were abundant,but the related research was almost blank.Investigation of morchella resources was taken at different altitude regions in Gaoligong mountains.The strains were isolated,purified and indentified combining the morphological characteristics and ribosomal DNA transcription interval（ITS） sequence analysis.The results showed that the morchella was distributed from the low elevation of Lujiangba（1 065 m） to the high elevation of Gongshan（2 850 m） in Gaoligong mountains.The collected materials were under banana trees on mountain slope of evergreen broad-leaf forest in Mangkuan and below tequlias nearby farm fields in the bend of Lujiangba,which belonged to Esculenta Clade.The collected materials under larches in coniferous forest of Gongshan belonged to Elata clade.The collected materials under Rhododendrons in evergreen broad-leaf forest of Baihualing were morphologically similar to morchella and belonged to Gyromitra esculenta of Gyromitra clade.