日本工匠精神的产生及其历史演变

Historic Evolution of Japanese Craftsmanship

日本古代匠人虔诚的神佛信仰、特殊的等级身份、严格的技术等级制度、优厚的社会待遇是日本工匠精神的肇因,而中世时期行业团体的出现、丰厚的经济回报以及战国大名的重视则成为古代工匠精神进一步强化的外在动力。近世以来,町人伦理逐渐内化为工匠精神的重要内核,家业传承制度进一步强化了工匠精神。近现代的会社制沿袭了家业传承的存续特点,吸取并发扬了近世工匠精神,成为日本制造的品质保证。

This paper analyzes the social status,living conditions and spiritual beliefs of Japanese craftsmanship in the ancient times,medieval times,,modern times and contemporary modern times.The research results suggest that before modern times,social status endowed by government had shaped craftsmanship as external forces,and the pious faith to gods imposed as the interior forces.In modern times,the ethics of macho began to constitute the core part of craftsmanship.The inheritance system strengthened the craftsman spirit in further.In modern times,the inheritance of family business further strengthened the craftsmanship.The contemporary modern time Japanese society segmentation system carried the craftsmanship on and even developed it,and make it a solid foundation for Japanese manufacturing quality.