银合欢种质资源产量潜力和营养价值分析

Analysis of the Yield Potential and Nutrition Value of Leucaena Germplasm Resources

【目的】银合欢是优质高蛋白饲草,筛选在中国热带地区种植条件下生物量、营养价值较高或具有育种潜力的银合欢种质资源,可为银合欢优良新品种的选育和推广提供科学依据。【方法】对48份采集自世界不同地区的银合欢种质资源的生物量和干物质量(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、粗纤维(CF)、粗灰分(Ash)、无氮浸出物(NFE)、磷(P)和钙(Ca)的含量进行测定和评价。【结果】48份银合欢种质的生物量变异系数为16.315%。CIAT17488的平均单株生物量最高,为301.968 g(鲜重),是48份种质平均生物量的159.922%。供试材料干物质含量变化范围为90.436%~93.916%,变异系数为1.108%;粗蛋白、无氮浸出物、磷、钙含量范围分别为17.229%~26.281%,29.450%~55.648%,0.130%~0.220%,0.825%~1.332%,其变异系数范围为9.995%~13.093%;粗纤维、粗灰分的含量范围分别为10.027%~29.769%和3.244%~7.374%,变异系数分别为24.348%,20.921%;粗脂肪含量种质间的差异最大,变异系数达31.559%,其含量范围为1.963%~9.143%。【结论】参试银合欢种质蕴含丰富的遗传资源。CIAT18479粗蛋白和粗灰分含量最高,兼具较高的磷和钙含量,是高品质种质;CIAT17488是高产的种质且综合营养价值评价也位列中上水平,有望通过选择直接获得高品质和高生物量的新品种。

[Purpose]Leucaena is a king of high quality forage with high protein content. Selecting germplasm resources with high biomass, nutrition value or breeding potential was important to the breeding and utilization of Leucaena under planting conditions in tropical areas.[Method]The contents of biomass, dry matter（DM）, crude protein（CP）, crude fat（EE）, crude fibre（CF）, ash, extract（NFE）, phosphorus（P）, calcium（Ca） of Leucaena collected from different area of the world were determined and evaluated. [ Results] The biomass CV of 48 Leucaena germplasm was 16.315% .CIAT17488 had the highest mean biomass per plant, which was 301.968 g, and was the 159.922% of the biomass mean value of all germplasm. The range of DM was from 90.436% to 93.916% , and its CV was 1.108% , which was the minimum value in those of eight nutrition indicators. The content CV of CP, NFE, P, Ca were 9.995% –13.093% , and their content ranges were 17.229% –26.281% ,29.450% –55.648% , 0.130% –0.220% , 0.825% –1.332% , respectively. The contents of CF and ash, of which CV were 24.348% and 20.921% , had a range from 10.027% –29.769% and 3.244% –7.374% .The variance of EE content was the highest, whose value was 31.559% with the range from 1.963% to 9.143% . [Conclusion]Genetic resources in 48 experimental materials are abundant. CIAT18479 is a high-quality germplasm with the highest CP, ash, and higher content of P and Ca; CIAT17488 is high-biomass germplasm with higher nutrition. They can be utilized in breeding the new cultivar with high quality or high biomass directly.