藏族患者白色白内障围术期护理

Perioperative Nursing Care in Tibetan Patients with White Cataract

目的通过比较藏族患者白色白内障巩膜隧道切口和透明角膜切口,晶状体超声乳化吸出联合人工晶体植入术手术时间、超声完成率、术中及术后并发症等区别,探讨藏族患者白色白内障围术期护理的有效性。方法对35例藏族白内障患者(术前视力均为手动或光感)进行围术期护理,根据超声乳化术切口方式将患者分为巩膜隧道切口(A组)19例及透明角膜切口组(B组)16例,对比分析2组患者术后视力改善情况、手术时间、超声完成率、术中及术后并发症情况。结果巩膜隧道切口(A组)和透明角膜切口组(B组)的术后第1天视力[(0.42±0.20)(0.44±0.20),=0.776]、手术时间[(17.1±2.6)min(17.3±2.8)min,=0.866]、超声完成率100%100%、术后第1天水肿率[15.8%12.5%,=0.585],术中及术后并发症[0%0%],均无统计学差异(>0.05)。结论针对性地进术前、术中护理,术后指导,可使藏族白色白内障患者安全度过围术期,可防止和降低眼内感染等并发症的发生概率。

Objective To explore the effect of perioperative nursing care for white cataract in Tibetan patients.Methods Perioperative nursing care was provided to 35 Tibetan patients with white cataract,who were divided,according to the incision of phacoemulsification,into 2 groups：group A （scleral tunnel incision） （n =19） and group B （clear corneal incision） （n =16）;a comparative analysis was made to the visual acuity improvement,the time length of operation,the complete rate of phacoemulsification and the occurrence of complications in and after operation between the 2 groups.Results There existed no statistical difference between group A and group B in visual acuity on the first day after operation [（0.42±0.20）vs （0.44±0.20）,P=0.776],the time length of operation [（17.1±2.6）minvs （17.3±2.8） min,P=0.866],the complete rate of phacoemulsification （100% vs 100%）,the occurrence of edema on the first day after operation （15.8% vs 12.5%,P=0.585） and the occurrence of complication in and after operation （0% vs 0%） （P〉0.05）.Conclusions Pertinent preoperative and intra-operative nursing and post-operative guidance can help the Tibetan patients with white cataract get through the perioperative period smmothly,and can prevent and reduce the occurrence of complications in and after operation.