技术势差、OFDI逆向技术溢出与中国制造业高端化

Technical Gap, OFDI Reverse Technology Spillover and High-end Pattern of China's Manufacturing Industry

现有对OFDI逆向技术溢出效应的研究主要考察OFDI逆向技术溢出对技术进步的影响,鲜有文献将效应的研究延伸到产业高端化。本文作者基于OFDI逆向技术溢出效应的存在性,在加入技术势差后,用门槛模型对中国省级数据进行检验,发现:在一定程度的OFDI规模和技术势差下,OFDI逆向技术溢出对制造业高端化水平的提升具有显著的正向作用,但跨越"拐点"后,这些作用会变为负向且不显著;FDI技术溢出有助于提升制造业高端化水平,但国内R&D资本存量和进口技术溢出的影响并不理想。这表明,合理控制OFDI规模和技术势差有利于OFDI逆向技术溢出正向效应的发挥。

The existing researches on the OFDI reverse technology spillover effect mainly inspect the process of OFDI reverse technology spillover affecting technological progress. Few literatures extend the effect to the field of high-end industry. This paper uses the threshold model with Chinese provincial data to test the existence of OFDI reverse technology spillover effect. By adding technical gap, the paper finds that in a certain degree of OFDI scale and technology gap,OFDI reverse technology spillover has a significantly positive effect on enhancing the high-end level of manufacturing industry. Once the＂turning point＂is crossed,however, the effect will be negative and non-significant. FDI technology spillover helps to improve the high-end level of manufacturing industry, but the impacts of domestic RD capital stock and import technology spillover are not good.The results indicate that the reasonable control of OFDI scale and technical gap is conducive to the positive effect of OFDI reverse technology spillover.