基于草业链供求关系的河西走廊草畜产品智慧市场机制研究

Study on the Smart-market Mechanism of Forage and Livestock Products in Hexi Corridor of Gansu,China Based on the Supply and Demand of Grass Industry Chain

草地农业的可持续发展对我国农业结构转型、食物安全与生态安全具有重要影响,但因市场体系不完善,我国草业市场"伤农事件"频发,草地农业发展严重受阻。美国加州运用实验经济学方法,基于计算机信息处理平台,构建"智慧水市场",成功解决了水市场体系不完善的问题,其经验具有借鉴意义。河西走廊是我国草业市场体系不完善的典型地区,通过借鉴加州"智慧水市场"的研究方法,以河西走廊草畜产品市场为研究对象,提出河西走廊草畜产品智慧市场机制(以下简称"河西智慧市场机制")的设计思路:首先,基于实地调研获取的市场环境信息及相应的市场规则,构建"河西智慧市场机制"微型经济系统;其次,从实验变量和实验设置两方面设计"河西智慧市场机制"经济实验;最后,通过计算市场效率、收益分布和价格波动指标评价"河西智慧市场机制"有效性。将实验经济学应用于草业市场研究,以期为完善我国草业市场机制提供思路和可行办法。

The sustainable development of grassland agriculture has an important influence on the agricultural structure transformation,food safety and ecological security in China.However,due to the imperfect market system,that the‘low grain price hurts the farmer＇in China＇s grassland market is frequent,which seriously hindered the development of grassland agriculture.California successfully solved the problem of imperfect water market system through the use of experimental economics and based on the computer information processing platform to build a water smart-market and its experience has reference value.The Hexi Corridor is a typical area with imperfect grass market system in China.By referring to the research method of water smart-market in California,the forage and livestock products market in Hexi Corridor was taken as the research object,the design idea of smart-market mechanism of grassland and livestock products in Hexi Corridor（Hereinafter referred to as‘Hexi smart-market mechanism＇）was put forward：Firstly,based on the market environment information and corresponding market rules obtained from the fieldwork,the micro-economic system of‘Hexi smart-market mechanism＇was constructed.Secondly,the economic experiment of‘Hexi smart-market mechanism＇based on the experimental variables and experimental settings was designed.Finally,the effectiveness of‘Hexi smart-market mechanism＇was evaluated by calculating indexes：market efficiency,income distribution and price volatility.The experimental economics can be applied to the research of grass industry market to provided ideas and feasible measures to improve the market mechanism of grass industry in China.