职前物理教师科学本质观的现状调查与思考

Investigation and Reflection on Pre-service Physics Teachers' View of Nature of Science

基于课程标准的教学,物理教师不仅要关注学科知识,还要关注科学本质,而教师的科学本质观在职前就已初步形成,并且越来越多的非师范生走上了教育类工作的岗位。本研究使用调查问卷VANSK,建立相应的评价标准进行整理分析。发现职前物理教师的科学本质观整体处于较朴素水平,尤其是在"科学的主观性和客观性"、"科学理论与定律的区别"上需要更多的重视和关注。物理师范生和非师范生的科学本质观没有显著性差异,物理师范教育中关于科学本质的教学有效性不高。建议开设HPS显性课程;重视科学探究教学;渗透人文科学教育;专业课教师以知识为载体进行显性教学。

Based on the teaching of curriculum standards, teachers of physics not only pay attention to the subject knowledge,but also pay attention to the nature of science. However, teachers＇ concept of the nature of science has been preliminarily formed, and more and more non-normal students have embarked on the position of educational work. This study uses the questionnaire VANSK, and establishes the corresponding evaluation criteria for finishing analysis. It is found that the science essence of pre-service physics teachers is relatively simple as a whole, especially in ＂the subjectivity and objectivity of science＂ and ＂the difference between scientific theories and laws＂ need more attention and attention. There is no significant difference in the nature of science between normal students and non-normal students. Physics teaching is not effective for the teaching of the nature of science. It is suggested that the explicit HPS course should be set up, the scientific inquiry teaching should be paid attention to, the humanities education is permeated, and the teachers of the specialized course take the knowledge as the carrier for explicit teaching.