血液游离DNA检测肝癌的临床应用研究进展

Research advances on clinical applications of cell-free DNA from peripheral blood in liver cancer

肝癌是一种具有高发病率和高死亡率特点的恶性肿瘤，其常规检测手段如影像学检测、病理学检测等存在特异性和灵敏度不高、动态评估效果差的不足。血液游离DNA（cfDNA）是指存在于血液中、游离于细胞外的DNA片段，其中包含有来自相应机体组织的基因信息。肝癌患者的cfDNA中携带有肝癌疾病信息，提示cfDNA在肝癌的筛查、诊断、治疗及预后判断中有巨大的应用潜能。cfDNA的临床应用能弥补现有检测手段的不足，实现肝癌的无创、动态监测。本文对cfDNA在肝癌临床诊治的应用研究做一综述。

Liver cancer is a malignant tumor with the characteristics of high morbidity and mortality. However, the routine detection methods for the liver cancer such as imaging tests and pathological detection are with low specificity and sen- sitivity. And it ＂s also hard to detect the condition of patients dynamically. Cell-free DNA （cfDNA） is the DNA fragment that is away from the extracellular and exists in the blood, which contains genetic information from the organism. The related disease information could be reflected on the cfDNA in patients with liver cancer, indicating that cfDNA has great potential in the screening, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of liver cancer. The clinical applications of cfDNA can make up for the deficiency of existing detection methods and achieve noninvasive and dynamic monitoring of liver cancer. This article will present a review on the progress of clinical applications of cfDNA in liver cancer.