灵魂的无纷扰——伊壁鸠鲁哲学思想的再研究

The Soul's Untroubled——Restudy of Epicurus's Philosophical Thoughts

很多人批评伊壁鸠鲁的哲学思想没有思辨性和形而上学性,完全不能够同柏拉图和亚里士多德的思辨哲学思想相比较。但是,这些特点又恰好是伊壁鸠鲁哲学的主要贡献所在。因为他根本就不同意学院派和漫步派对哲学的认识。在他看来,哲学就是心灵的治疗术,其目的就是要帮助人们过上幸福生活。而幸福生活就是没有恐惧、身体上的无痛苦和灵魂的无纷扰。从这种意义上可以说,伊壁鸠鲁开启了西方哲学中另外一条完全不同于柏拉图和亚里士多德思辨哲学的路线,这也是古典西方哲学中不可忽视的一个非常重要的方面。否则,古典西方哲学就不完整。

A lot of people criticized Epicurus＇ s philosophical thoughts because there are speculative and metaphysics in his thought. It has been considered that his thought cannot be compared entirely to the speculative philosophy of Plato and Aristotle. However,it is true that the characters of Epicurus＇ s philosphical contribution to the development of western philosophy is because he cannot agree to the idea of Academism and Peripatetic for philosophy. It is seem to him that philosophy is a Treatment of the soul and the purpose of philosophy is to help to realize a happy life. The happy life is the life without fear on the mind,pain on the body and no turmoil soul.From this meaning,Epicurus created an other way of western philosophy which was different from the speculative philosophy of Plato and Aristotle. The important field of the classical philosophy in the west must not ignored. The classical philosophy must be imperfect if we cannot attach importance to the research of Epicurus.