一种采用单目手眼视觉的目标位置测量方法

A target localization method with monocular hand-eye vision

机械臂末端安装双目视觉,会降低其在障碍环境下的可通过性。针对此问题,本文构建了一种单目手眼与激光结合的位置测量方法,先通过手眼获取光斑,利用投射位置、投射点与手眼光轴的相对位置关系构建测量方法,然后采用D-H模型构建坐标转换系统,计算目标点的位置。目标测量精度与距离负相关,适用于中短距离的位置测量。与目前常用的双目测量方法相比,本方法减少了摄像机使用个数,降低了机械臂末端测量系统的宽度,更适用于狭窄空间作业,同时也提高了机械臂的有效载荷能力。

The installation of binocular vision at the end of a manipulator reduces its availability in environments with obstacles. To deal with the problem, this study puts forward a target localization method using a laser and the monocular hand-eye vision. In the proposed method, the centre of the laser spot is obtained by the hand-eye vision, and the geometric relations among the laser emission point, light-spot and the optical axis of the camera are used to calculate the distance. Then, the D-H method is employed to construct the coordinate conversion system, so that the location of the target can be calculated. The measuring precision is negatively correlated with the distance, and it is suitable for the measurement in medium or short distance. Compared with the commonly used binocular measurement methods, the proposed method uses fewer cameras, which reduces the width of the measurement system on manipulators, and makes it more applicable to narrow workspace. Moreover, it also improves the effective load capacity of manipulators.