高职护生临终关怀情景剧教学的质性研究

Qualitative study on the scene plays teaching method of hospitalpice of nursing students in higher vocational colleges

目的了解临终关怀情景剧表演教学对学生的影响,探讨如何更好地进行临终关怀的教学。方法 2016年11月—12月,用征集志愿者的方法,选取30名二年级高职院校护理专业学生,用质性研究的焦点小组访谈法收集整理资料、分析提炼主题。结果学生对死亡的态度、对临终阶段治疗方式、对病情告知方式有不同的意见,愿意设身处地的考虑晚期患者的需要,能体会作为护士的责任,相关的教学能改变学生的死亡观。结论在医学院校中,通过临终关怀教学的合理设计,部分学生能面对死亡及死亡质量的话题,能设身处地的考虑晚期患者及其家属的需要。临终关怀教学已经获得初步成效。

Objective To improve the teaching of hospice care,this paper studies the impact of roleplay method on the students who are exposed to hospice care education. Methods 30 volunteers are recruited to play roles in hospice care education from sophomores majoring in Nursing from a higher vocational college from November to December in 2016. Data are collected and analyzed,and themes are refined by employing the focus group approach used in qualitative research. Results Students hold different attitudes towards death and the treatment in the terminal stage,and they also view diversely on the ways of disclosing the diagnosis. After the education,not only students can better feel the pain and loss of the family members,but also understand the nurse＇s responsibilities and patients＇ needs in the final stage. The study concludes that innovative teaching practice can change the students＇ perspectives on death. Conclusions Currently a considerable proportion of students are not able to envisage death and related topics in higher vocational medical colleges,but now some of them are comfortable with the topics related to death after accessing to the rational teaching practice in hospice care education. Consequently they are more capable of experiencing the feelings of the patients and families and understanding their needs. Preliminary progress has been achieved in hospice care education.