论顾况歌行的诗歌史意义

On the Significance of Gu Kuang's Song-Form Poetry in the History of Poetry

在盛唐诗坛向中唐诗坛过渡中,顾况的意义一直被忽略。他本人身历这两个时期,其诗歌主要是歌行创作遗有盛唐风骨,成为后世诗人取法盛唐的"活化石"。顾况存世51首歌行题材丰富,其中题画诗和音乐诗成就颇为突出,其题画诗打破了杜甫确立的范式,扩展了题画诗的表现领域,并开创了题画诗的幽默风格;音乐诗注重自我情感的抒写,并对稍后白居易等人的音乐诗产生了深远影响。此外,顾况的歌行语言特色上兼具"俗"与"奇"的特点,俗的一面影响到了稍后重写实、尚通俗的元白诗派,奇的一面则被尚奇的韩孟诗派所继承。可以说,在大历诗坛这样一个过渡时期,顾况肩负起了重任,并且成为了元和诗人直接效法的楷模。

In the transition from the poetic circles of the Prime Tang Dynasty to the poetic circles of the Middle Tang Dynasty,the importance of Gu Kuang has been ignored.He himself experienced these two periods.His poems,especially the song-form poems had a vigorous spirit of the Prime Tang Dynasty,and became a＂living fossil＂for the later poets.The existing of the 51 song-form poems of Gu Kuang had plentiful themes,and the song-form poems of music and painting accomplished the highest achievement.Gu Kuang＇s song-form poems of painting broke the normal format created by Du Fu and expanded the scope of performance of the poems of painting.What＇s more,Gu Kuang created a new humorous style of poems of painting：Gu Kuang＇s song-form poems of music paid attention to the emotional expression and imposed a profound impact on Bai Juyi＇s and other poet＇s poetry of music.In addition,Gu Kuang＇s song-form poems also had features of being ＂vulgar＂and ＂odd＂.The＂vulgar＂side influenced the later poetic school of Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen that paid great attention to realism and pop art.The poetic school of Han Yu and Meng Jiao however inherited the＂odd＂style.It can be said that Gu Kuang had imposed a heavy impact upon the poetry circles in such a transitional period that he became a real model for other poets to follow.