超临界CO_2萃取斜叶黄檀精油工艺优化及精油成分分析

Optimization of Supercritical CO_2 Extraction of Essential Oils from Dalbergia pinnata and Analysis of the Oils

本研究采用超临界CO_2萃取斜叶黄檀中的精油,并分析精油的挥发性成分,主要考察萃取压力、萃取温度和萃取时间对精油得率的影响,通过正交试验确定超临界CO_2萃取精油的最佳工艺条件,并通过气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)检测斜叶黄檀精油中的主要挥发性成分。结果表明:超临界CO_2萃取精油的最佳工艺条件为萃取温度75℃,萃取压力35 MPa,萃取时间4 h,在此条件下精油的得率为4.7573%;从斜叶黄檀精油中共鉴定出13种挥发性组分,主要成分是榄香素和甲基丁香酚,分别占92.33%和3.18%。

Supercritical CO2 was used to extract the essential oils from Dalbergia pinnata and the volatile components of the essential oils were analyzed. The effects of extraction pressure, extraction temperature and extraction time on the yield of essential oils were investigated, and the optimum process conditions for supercritical CO2 extraction of essential oils were determined by an orthogonal test. The main volatile components of the essential oil from D. pinnata were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）. The optimum process conditions for supercritical CO2 extraction of essential oils were as follows： extraction temperature 75 ℃, extraction pressure 35 MPa, extraction time 4 h, and the yield of essential oil was 4.7573%. Thirteen components were identified from the essential oils, and the main components were elemicin and methyl eugenol, and the percentages was 92.33% and 3.18%, respectively.