师幼比对教师观察与指导幼儿区域游戏的影响

The Influence of Teacher-child Ratio on Preschool's Center Play

通过对三所幼儿园9个班级在不同师幼比条件下教师观察和指导幼儿区域游戏的220个事件进行分析,结果发现:随着在场师幼比的提高,教师忽视幼儿的比例减少,适宜的观察与指导增多;并且,在场师幼比与教师的专业能力,以及教师之间的分工与配合这些因素相互制约,共同影响教师对幼儿区域游戏的观察与指导。此外,在场师幼比对区域活动的影响也会受到区域活动时间的影响。研究建议:应调整教师工作制度,提高在场师幼比;运用"分区指导法",增进在场教师之间的分工与合作;保障充足的区域游戏时间,为教师提供更多观察和指导幼儿的机会。

Taking 220 events of teacher＇s observation and guidance of preschool＇s center play from nine classes of three preschools as example,it was found that as the on-site teacher-child ratio increased,the proportion of teacher＇s neglect behavior decreased and appropriate observation and guidance increased. And the on-site teacher-child ratio,teacher＇s professional competence and the cooperation and coordination between on-site teachers would interact with each other,which would influence teacher＇s observation and guidance of preschool＇s center play. Besides,the influence of on-site teacherchild ratio on center play would also be restricted by center time. It was suggested that it＇s necessary to reform the working system to enhance the on-site teacher-child ratio,adopt the＂zone＂teacher assignment to reinforce the coordination and cooperation between teachers and ensure plenty time of center play to enable teacher＇s observation and guidance.