高原地区藏族居民脉氧饱和度和血红蛋白含量分析

Clinical analysis of the pulse oxygen saturation and hemoglobin content of the native high-altitude Tibetans

目的了解海拔4 200米高原地区藏族居民指端脉氧饱和度(SpO_2)、外周血血红蛋白(Hb)水平及其影响因素。方法 2012年1月4日至2月4日间对西藏自治区山南地区海拔4 200米的隆子县热荣村藏族居民进行健康体检,采集居民指端SpO_2,在人口统计学基础上,依据调查居民性别、年龄和吸烟史等情况进行分组,观察各组间数据是否存在统计学差异。结果一共收集234名健康藏族居民的临床资料,平均年龄(37.9±13.9)岁。其中男97名(41.5%)。不同性别的居民在静息状态下SpO_2[男性(86.1±3.4)%和女性(86.0±4.7)%]无统计学差异,女性居民的心率[(81.1±12.1)次/min]高于男性[(77.9±9.8)次/min],差异有统计学意义(P=0.036),但男性居民的Hb含量要显著高于女性[分别为(164.5±15.4)g/L和(139.1±19.2)g/L,P=0.000)。随着年龄增长,尤其是年龄大于60岁居民和60岁以下的居民相比较,其SpO_2明显降低(P=0.003),Hb含量则呈逐渐升高的趋势(P=0.000),而心率变化不大。吸烟史大于20包年的居民的Sp O2明显低于吸烟史小于20包年的居民,而Hb水平显著升高(P=0.000)。结论海拔4 200米以上高原地区藏族居民Sp O2与年龄和吸烟等因素呈负相关,而Hb水平与年龄和吸烟因素为正相关。静息状态下,各年龄组人群间心率变化无统计学差异。

Objective To observe the changes and influencing factors on pulse oxygen saturation and hemoglobin in Tibetan residents of 4 200 meters above sea level. Methods The health examination data of the Tibetan village residents were collected in Rerong Country, Shannan Prefecture of Tibet autonomous region from January 4 to February 4, 2012. And the information of pulse oxygen saturation was recorded at the same time. The residents were categorized by sex, age and smoking history to observe the difference in each group. Results The clinical data of 234 healthy Tibetan residents were collected with average age of（37.9±13.9） years old, and 97 were male（41.5%）. There were no difference in pulse oxygen saturation [（86.1±3.4）% and（86.0±4.7）%, P=0.784） between male and female residents, and heart rate of the male was less than that of the female [（77.9±9.8） bpm and（81.1±12.1） bpm, P=0.036], while the hemoglobin content was higher in male residents [（164.5±15.4） g/L and（139.1±19.2） g/L, P=0.000）. With the increase of age, especially in the group older than 60 years, the pulse oxygen saturation significantly decreased（P=0.003）, while hemoglobin content showed a gradual increase trend（P=0.000）. And in the group which smoking history more than 20 pack-years, the pulse oxygen saturation was lesser than the other groups, and the hemoglobin content increased（P=0.000）.Conclusions The pulse oxygen saturation level of Tibetan residents of 4 200 meters above sea level is negatively correlated with age and smoking history, and the level of hemoglobin is positively correlated with age and smoking history. In resting state, there is no significant difference in heart rate between the groups divided by ages.