263例0～3岁眼科住院患儿的疾病及用药情况分析

Analysis on Disease Distribution and Drug Application among 263 Infantile Inpatients Aged 0-3 in Ophthalmology Department

目的:了解0~3岁眼科住院患儿的疾病及用药情况,为幼儿眼部疾病的药物治疗提供参考。方法:抽取2014年7月—2017年7月西安市第一医院收治的0~3岁眼科住院患儿263例,对患儿的年龄、民族、性别、出院诊断、手术切口类别及用药情况等进行统计分析。结果:263例0~3岁眼科住院患儿中,病例数排序居前3位的疾病诊断依次为角膜良性肿瘤(20例,占7.60%)、先天性白内障(19例,占7.22%)和角膜溃疡(16例,占6.08%);眼外伤39例(占14.83%),以摔倒碰伤最为多见,其次为高锰酸钾烧伤、石灰烧伤、狗咬伤和剪刀戳伤;0~3岁患儿的药物治疗以患眼局部用药和全身静脉用药为主,未见超说明书用法与用量及超适应证用药的情况;19例患儿在前期用药过程中发生了过敏反应,主要涉及头孢菌素类抗菌药物(9例)和青霉素类抗菌药物(5例)。结论:家长、眼科医师和临床药师应关注幼儿的眼部健康,避免可能的眼外伤,共同保障幼儿眼部安全和用药安全。

OBJECTIVE ： To investigate the disease distribution and drug application of infantile inpatients aged 0- 3 in ophthalmology department, so as to provide references for the therapy for infantile oeulopathy. METHODS： 263 infantile inpatients aged 0-3 admitted into Xi＇ an No. 1 Hospital from Jul. 2014 to Jul. 2017 were extracted and analyzed in terms of ages, nations, genders, discharge diagnoses, types of operative incision and drug application. RESULTS： Of the 263 infantile inpatients aged 0-3 in ophthalmology department, the top 3 diseases ranked in case number were respectively benign neoplasm of cornea （20 cases, 7.60% ）, congenital cataract （ 19 cases, 7.22% ） and corneal ulcer （ 16 cases, 6.08% ） ; there were 39 cases of ocular traumas （ 14. 83% ） , mostly were caused by tumble, secondly were burned by potassium permanganate or lime, bitten by dogs and stabbed by scissor; most infantile patients were given local medication on eyes and systemic intravenous medication, there were no off-label application or overindication medication; 19 infantile patients were attacked by allergy, mainly were caused by cephalosporins （9 cases） and penicillins （5 cases）. CONCLUSIONS： Parents, ophthahnologist and pharmacists should paid great attention to infantile ocular safety to avoid ocular traumas and ensure infantile medication safety.