纤维排列对玄武岩纤维复合材料拉伸性能的影响

Influence of fibers layout on the tensile performance of basalt fiber composites

选用玄武岩纤维平纹织物(P)、玄武岩纤维单轴向织物(U)并采用不同铺层结构(PPPP、UUUU、PUPU)形成增强体,E-2511-1A环氧树脂和2511-1BT固化剂(质量比为100∶30)作为基体,基于真空辅助树脂传递模塑(VARTM)工艺实现玄武岩纤维复合材料成型,通过拉伸试验和纤维体积分数测试,探讨纤维排列对玄武岩纤维复合材料拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,三种不同铺层结构的玄武岩纤维复合材料中,UUUU铺层结构的当量拉伸断裂强度最大(555.4 MPa),略高于PUPU铺层结构(510.1 MPa),比PPPP铺层结构(338.5 MPa)提高了64.08%;PUPU铺层结构的当量拉伸模量最大(8.234 GPa),比当量拉伸模量最小的PPPP铺层结构(5.734 GPa)提高了43.60%;UUUU铺层结构的当量拉伸断裂伸长率最大(12.308%),约是PPPP铺层结构(6.705%)和PUPU铺层结构(6.388%)的两倍。

The basalt fiber plain fabric(P） and the basalt fiber uniaxinal fabric(U） were selected to form the reinforcement with different laying structure(PPPP,UUUU,PUPU）,and the E-2511-1 A epoxy resin and 2511-1 BT curing agent(mass ratio being 100 ∶ 30） were used as the matrix.The basalt fiber composites were fabricated by means of the vacuum assisted resin transformer molding process. The influence of fibers layout on the tensile performance of the basalt fiber composites was analyzed through the tensile experiments and the testing of fiber volume fraction. The result showed that,among the three kinds of the basalt fiber composites with different laying structure,the laying structure of UUUU had the highest normalized tensile breaking strength(555. 4 MPa）,which was slightly higher than the laying structure of PUPU(510. 1 MPa） and increased by 64. 08% in comparison with that of the laying structure of PPPP(338. 5 MPa）. The laying structure of PUPU had the highest normalized tensile modulus(8. 234 GPa）,which increased by 43. 60% in comparison with the lowest normalized tensile modulus of the laying structure of PPPP(5. 734 GPa）. The laying structure of UUUU had the highest normalized tensile breaking elongation rate(12. 308%）,which was about twice of that of the laying structure of PPPP(6. 705%） and that of the laying structure of PUPU(6. 388%）.