河南主要水稻种质资源中抗稻瘟病基因的分子检测

Molecular Detection of Rice Blast Resistance Gene in the Main Rice Germplasms in Henan Province

明确6个主效抗稻瘟病基因Piz-t、Pikm、Pit、Pi25、Pid2及Pid3在河南省主要水稻种质资源中的分布情况,为通过分子标记辅助选择培育适应河南省抗稻瘟病新品种提供依据。本研究采用基于抗稻瘟病基因与其感病等位基因间的序列差异设计的特异性分子标记,对140份河南稻种资源进行了抗稻瘟病基因的分子检测,显示这些材料中的抗稻瘟病基因总体较少,大部分材料均携带1~2个抗瘟基因。检测的6个抗瘟基因中,Piz-t基因的分布最为广泛,其次为Pikm和Pid3,Pid2分布较少,Pit和Pi25分布极少。河南本地材料(87份)中的抗瘟基因数量较外地材料(53份)少,前者携带3个以上抗瘟基因的材料所占比例为10.3%,而后者携带3个以上抗瘟基因的材料所占比例则为32.1%。除Piz-t和Pikm外,其余4个抗稻瘟病基因在不同的检测群体中的基因频率差异较大。该研究可为河南培育广谱持久抗稻瘟病水稻新品种提供理论指导。

The aim of this study was to be clear about the distribution of six blast resistance genes Piz-t, Pikm, Pit,Pi25, Pid2 and Pid3 in the main rice germplasms in He＇nan province, so as to provide reference for the breeding of new varieties with rice blast resistance in He＇nan using molecular marker-assisted selection. In this study, the specific molecular markers based on the sequence difference between the blast resistant gene and its susceptible allele was designed to detect the blast resistance genes of 140 He＇nan rice germplasms. The results showed that the distribution of blast resistance genes in these materials was less as a whole, and most of them contained 1~2 resistant alleles. Of these six detected genes, Piz-t was the most widely distributed, followed by Pikm and Pid3;Pid3 was relatively few, while Pit and Pi25 were the least. The blast resistance genes contained in the rice varieties from Henan（87） were less than those in the introduced varieties（53）, which showed that 10.3% of the former mat-er ials and 32.1% of the latter materials were found to contain more than 3 resistant alleles. Except Piz-t and Pikm, the gene frequency of Pit, Pi25, Pid2 and Pid3 varied greatly in different detecting groups. This study could provide theoretical basis and guidance for the rice breeding of broad-spectrum and durable blast resistance in He＇nan.