鳞翅目昆虫病原微孢子虫研究进展

Advances in studies on Lepidoptera microsporidium pathogen

微孢子虫广泛存在于鳞翅目昆虫中,是一类重要的病原微生物。微孢子虫病一方面影响野外昆虫种群的自然平衡,另一方面对家蚕、柞蚕等经济和资源昆虫造成了严重的危害。微孢子虫分子生物学研究基础相对薄弱,再加上微孢子虫表面坚厚的孢壁,无疑增加了研究难度。随着核酸、蛋白质等生物大分子分离制备方法和高通量测序技术的不断更新发展,基于各种组学(Omics)研究微孢子虫的工作方兴未艾,并且有了一些重要的发现。本文综述了微孢子虫与鳞翅目昆虫寄主的相互作用及寄生于鳞翅目昆虫的病原微孢子虫基因组、转录组和蛋白质组进展情况,以期为微孢子虫的深入研究提供参考。这些昆虫微生物研究将为鳞翅目害虫生物防治提供新的思路,并对家蚕等经济昆虫微粒子病的诊断、防控及治疗产生积极影响。

As an important pathogenic microorganism, microsporidia are widely found in Lepidopteran insects. Microsporidia diseases not only affect the natural balance of wild insect populations, but also are detrimental to the economic and resource insects such as Bombyx mori and Antheraea pernyi. The molecular biology of microsporidia is relatively less studied and the microsporidian spore wall is fairly rigid. These disadvantages make the study of microsporidia more difficult. With the rapid development of the sequencing technique and the preparation method of nucleinic acid, protein and other biomacromolecules, various microsporidia researches based on Omicsare now reported, which have significantly contributed to this field. Our review focouses on interactions between microsporidian parasites and their Lepidopteran hosts, and recent progress in microsporidia genome, transcriptome and proteome studies. The further research of insect microsporidia will provide new insights on the biocontrol of lepidopteran pests and improve the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the microsporidia diseases of economic insects as well.